D.fragilis intro.
Lab testing
Symptoms
Treatment
Medical mismanagement
D.fragilis pics






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The unncessary ill health caused by undiagnosed D.fragilis infection is reflected in the following corrrespondence:
(more examples in Medical Mismanagement)

"Your site has been one of those rare islands of hope in a sea of misinformation and dead ends."

In 1993 N., from the USA, began to experience intense cramping/ burning pain in his lower left abdomen.

A single stool sample detected Blastocystis hominis.

His doctor advised that Blasto was not a pathogen but "humoured me and gave me Flagyl". A test a year later showed he was still infected.

Ten years later N. consulted another physician, who was more knowledgeable than N's previous drs about the need for specialised stool collection and testing methods for accurate detection of Dientamoeba fragilis. Tests revealed N. was infected with both Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis hominis..

N. wrote "I get the 'IBS' line a lot because I have suffered anxiety and panic attacks for some 22 years now. I never bought the diagnosis. Intuitively, it didn't seem right. My symptoms progressed to bloating, gas, constipation, dizziness, fuzzy headedness, and lethargy. My tolerance to alcohol went from good to non existent, sweets of any kind.. a big NO NO. I have pondered everything from Thyroid and or Adrenal fatigue to Candida and allergies most tests have shown nothing out of the ordinary...except parasites of course"

By the time Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis hominis were diagnosed N. had discovered this site. He advised his dr that "standard treatments are rarely effective. He ignored the advice and gave me iodoquinol. I haven't been tested since but I feel like hell...worse than ever...I know they're still in there. I can't tell you the impact this has had on my life...whatever it is. I know the parasites are a problem...they're as good a place to start as anywhere. Maybe parasites will be the answer. Your site has been one of those rare islands of hope in a sea of misinformation and dead ends."

N. has now to convince his dr the need for special treatments to rid him of the Blasto. and D.fragilis.
received March 2005.


J suffered, the mother of a young child, was diagnosed with D.fragilis 3 years after the onset of symptoms:


J's began experiencing the symptoms of "severe burning pain in her left lower abdomen and sometimes immediately below her belly button" in 2001.


She also noticed her symptoms worsened after eating.

She sought advice from her family practitioner, who diagnosed her with post-natal depression. Her daughter was 2 at the time.

J consulted a homeopath who treated her for 8 months on suspicion of a bladder infection. The symptoms became so bad J said she "would lie on the bed and cry.". Despite the homeopath's reassurances that the remedy was working J. finally decided to stop treatment.

A few months after finishing the homeopathic treatment J. decided to again seek help from her docotr. Her dr referred her to a uologist. After an examination the urologist felt J's symptoms were not related to the bladder because of the location of the pain. The urologist said "that's too high for bladder problems you need to see a gastroenterologist, but if you like we can take a look inside your bladder."

After finding Elaine Gottschal'
s web site for the Specific Carbohydrate diet she decided to give it a go. Avoiding grains, starches and yeast and following the diet strictly "really has helped" although she found that some of the allowed foods would increase her symptoms (in particular cheese, almond meal, dates. (for more info about dietary restrictions and parasites click here)

J. consulted a gastroenterologist in April 2003. A colonoscopy and CT scan of the pelvis found nothing abnormal. Blood tests for celiac disease and a stool sample for parasites were negative.

The gastroenterologist suggested J. visit a gynaecologist for a laproscopy. She decided against an appointment with a
Gynaecologist because "I knew whatever was wrong had to do with my digestive tract because when on the SCD my symptons were manageable."

J. felt dismayed that no answer to her health problems was in sight.

Meanwhile, 3 years after becoming ill, her family thought she may be anorexic as she had lost 11 kgs (24 lb) in 3 years. At the time of writing she weighs 47kgs (103 lb). Her sister, concerned about the weight loss, encouraged J to keep looking for an answer.

After finding my site J discovered that accurate testing for parasites was based on the need for specialised stool collection and testing methods to detect Blasto. and D.fragilis, and so J consulted a doctor who uses these these testing methods. The doctor, a gp/nutritionist, advised J: "I think you have severe dysbiosis of the bowel, lets do a complete digestive stool analysis". J. told him that she had found this site and and based on her symptoms, and reaction to certain foods, suspected she may have Dientamoeba fragilis.

After waiting for six weeks the results came back showing that she was infected with Dientamoeba fragilis, plus increased candida and yeast. The test also showed that her food was not being absorbed properly.

J. is about to be treated for her D.fragilis infection.
Melbourne, Australia, March 2005

Dientamoeba fragilis--a protozoal infection which may cause
severe bowel distress.

Norberg A. et al., Clin Microbiol Infect. 2003 Jan;9(1):65-8

"My son is 7. He was diagnosed with Blastocystis hominis, Dientameoba fragilis and Endolimax nana when he had diarrhea as a baby. We did not treat him because we were told that these were non pathogenic...although the diarrhea cleared on its own he has suffered digestive problems for years as has my daughter and myself."
25 Feb 2005, USA

" I am from Ontario, Canada. I am overjoyed to have come across your site. I have just recently found out that I have D. Fragilis. Ten years ago I was diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, but just recently found out that I have the bug. This bug has screwed up my life and living for 10 long years. "
E.S., Canada. July 2004

"After more than 10 years of chronic low-grade fever, fatigue and IBS, I was diagnosed with D. fragilis last October. I believe I picked up the organism in Western Turkey in 1990."
sent by BF, 18 May 03

Ever since its first description in 1918, Dientamoeba fragilis has struggled to gain recognition as a significant pathogen. There is little justification for this neglect
Johnson EH, Windsor JJ, Clark CG.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Jul;17(3):553-70

40 y.o. woman suffered for 16 years with severe abdo pains - a common syptom of parasitic infection - diagnosed as IBS. In 2001 she was hospitalised with severe abdo. pains, fever and a high white blood count:
"After 3 days they couldn't find what was wrong. A stool sample eventually identified DF. My regular doctor doesn't think DF could cause my symptoms for which I was hospitalized.
"
July 2001

"I went to the first specialist in 1992 and he didn't bother to test for (Dientamoeba fragilis), told me that the good news was that I didn't have cancer or Crohn's disease and that I would just have to learn to live with the symptoms of IBS which were largely stress related!"
emailed by W. Symptomatic since 1991, diagnosed with D.fragiils in 1999.

" After weeks of feeling awful, losing 22 pounds, stomach cramps, and lots of medical tests (upper GI, Abdominal CT scan, all kinds of blood work) I finally asked my Dr. on the advice of an alternative medicine doctor. to test me for a parasite. His exact words were, "I've been testing Ova & Parasite for 15 years and have never seen anything in the USA."
When my results came in the nurse called to say I had an "amoeba". I retrieved a copy of my test and discovered that it was D.Fragilis.
My wife now has been having some of the same symptoms. I asked the Nurse about it being contagious and her reply was "only if someone is playing with your fecal matter."

Mikey - Nov. 25 2001

Thanks to the info you posted on your site my doctor has allowed me to get my stool testing done at the local hospital wich apparantly has a much better testing facility. He's also let me assist in determining how to do the testing (ie. several seperate screenings over the period of a week.) As opposed to the single screenings done in the past. This is great news for me cause I was looking at spending $600 to have it done through Great Smokies. I still wasn't able to get to get much info on culture or staining but I figured I'd better not push it.
emailed by C - specialised stool collection and testing methods revealed infection with D.fragilis

I have been diagnosed with the above. Have been ill for 10 years after returning from two months in Indonesia. Parasites were suspected and never found.
emailed by FL, USA, eventually diagnosed with Dientamoeba fragilis as well as Blastocystis hominis
Sept 00

I have had numerous hospital procedures to be told that there appears an inflamed area of my bowel, but nothing could be detected. Instead I was diagnosed with a stress disorder and given tranquillisers for two years. During this time I had chronic fatigue, headaches, sore throats, chronic bowel pain and wind...yet the doctors prescribe me with more stress related chemicals.
emailed by J Feb 01
Further stool testing revealed infection with Dientamoeba fragilis & Endolimax Nana

A doctor's reliance on a single stool sample to test for parasitic infection resulted in an unnecessary operation for this woman:

"In 1990 I contracted Dientamoeba fragilis from my two year old who had frequent pinworm infections. I had all the usual symptoms and told the doctor that I thought I had a parasite. He tested one stool which was negative and proceeded to convince me that my symptoms were caused by a faulty gall bladder, even though all the gall bladder tests were negative.
Unfortunately I agreed to the removal of my gall bladder which exacerbated the symptoms so severely that I thought I was going to die. After surgery I had diarrhea 12 times a day, had to eat every two hours and suffered with severe migrating arthralgia. I lost a total of 25 pounds, my hair was falling out and had severe insomnia. Not until my husband contracted the disease did the doctor conclude that we might have an infectious disease.

The parasite was finally found in my husbands stool, but I was being treated with flagyl. I had to call the CDC to find get information on treatment and at that time even they were not convinced that dfragilis was pathogenic

When I got sick there was nothing printed about the disease and I even went to Shands teaching hospital and they had never heard of it. It was very disheartening!

I took Iodiquinol for four months and gained back 40 pounds. I still had diarrhea 6 times a day. I was also treated with Parmomycin but none of the medications cleared up the infection. Over the years I continued to improve and I suppose that my own immune system was keeping the infection at bay. I only seemed to have mild occasional symptoms that didn't compromise my lifestyle. Just recently though my gyn doctor started my on birth control pills to control pms symptoms and the dfragilis symptoms started to come back with more frequent mushy stools and joint and muscle pain.
I stopped taking the birth control pills and I'd like to try taking the Iodiquinol and doxycycline together, but I can't bear to go back to the unbelieving doctors and go through all those tests again.
I'd love to knock this thing out once and for all. My husband still has mild symptoms also, but fortunately he did not have his gall bladder removed."
received Dec 01